X. Someone Y. Someone-Else Z. TheEditor Z. TheSecond 2001 2002-10-20 1.0 Flying Fishes of the world A digital field guide The work was made possible by a grant from ... World no,se,fi,nl,de Flying Fishes (c) 2002 xxx Can be freely used as long as ... reference if information came mostly from one specific publication Fliegende Fische der Welt (c) 2002 xxx Die Daten dürfen frei verwendet werden, solange ... http://www.somewhere/img/icon.png Discaria pubescens Unknown Spreading shrub; stems glabrous. Leaves soon deciduous (particularly on older plants, especially when infected with Diseasomyces), oblong, apex obtuse, glabrous or weakly hirsute; stipules dark reddish-brown, extremely rarely yellow, often shallowly joined around the node; spines stout. Bob Morris Spreading shrub; stems glabrous. Leaves soon deciduous (particularly on older plants, especially when infected with Diseasomyces), oblong, apex obtuse, glabrous or weakly hirsute; stipules sharply pointed, 3 mm wide, darkish brown, extremely rarely yellow, often shallowly joined around the node; spines stout. ... more wording after the character group already recognized Discaria pubescens [Author of Flora] [Flora of a Region] Spreading shrub; stems glabrous. Leaves soon deciduous (particularly on older plants, especially when infected with Diseasomyces), oblong, apex obtuse, glabrous or weakly hirsute; stipules dark reddish-brown, extremely rarely yellow, often shallowly joined around the node; spines stout. Bob Morris Jim Croft Kevin Thiele particularly on older plants, especially when infected with Diseasomyces insbesondere in älteren Pflanzen oder wenn mit Diseasomyces infiziert some text recheck after getting Smith '99 Vocabulary simplified as much as possible for schoolchildren (elementary school or ca. below 7th grade) Die verwendeten Audsrücke wurden so einfach wie möglich gehalten um Schulkindern bis ca. einschließlich der sechster Klasse den Zugang zu erleichtern. Where possible, the vocabulary is simplified for schoolchildren (7th to 10th grade). Die verwendeten Audsrücke werden so einfach wie möglich gehalten um Schulkindern ca. zwischen der siebten und zehnten Klasse den Zugang zu erleichtern. General public and high school (year 11 above). This setting tries to avoid specialized terminology or jargon. Diese Einstellung wendet sich an interessierte Amateure und Schülerinnen und Schüler ab der 11. Klasse. Auf spezialisierte Fachausdrücke wird nach Möglichkeit verzichtet. This setting is intended for university students or (partly) trained personnel. It uses advanced terminology, but attempts to avoid or explain problematic terminology. Terminologie für Hochschulstudenten der ersten Semester oder trainiertes Personal. Fortgeschrittene Terminologie wird verwendet, aber problematische Fachausdrücke werden vermieden oder erläutert. This setting uses the full scope of expert terminology. Beschreibungen unter Verwendung des vollständigen Fachvokabulars. Min Absolute minimum value -CI99.9 Lower limit of 99.9% confidence interval for mean -CI99 Lower limit of 99% confidence interval for mean -CI97.5 Lower limit of 97.5% confidence interval for mean -CI95 Lower limit of 95% confidence interval for mean -CI90 Lower limit of 90% confidence interval for mean -CI80 Lower limit of 80% confidence interval for mean P025 The 2.5 % percentile is defined such that 2.5% of the observations are smaller than this value. P05 The 5 % percentile is defined such that 5% of the observations are smaller than this value. P10 The 10 % percentile is defined such that 10% of the observations are smaller than this value. P15 The 15 % percentile is defined such that 15% of the observations are smaller than this value. P20 The 20 % percentile is defined such that 20% of the observations are smaller than this value. P25 The 25 % percentile is defined such that 25% of the observations are smaller than this value. P30 The 30 % percentile is defined such that 30% of the observations are smaller than this value. -Range Lower limit of unspecified range (could be mean minus standard deviation, a percentile, etc., not known) µ - 2 s.d. Mean minus 2 standard deviations (= lower limit of range of mean plus/minus 2 s.d.) µ - s.d. Mean minus 1 standard deviation (= lower limit of range of mean plus/minus 1 s.d.) Mean The arithmetic mean (= average) Mode The value or value class with the highest frequency, applicable only to unimodal distributions. Median The median (= 50 % percentile). Val. Single value (i.e. this implies that the sample size is N = 1) Middle An undefined middle value, which may be a mean, median, single value, etc. µ + s.d. Mean plus 1 standard deviation (= upper limit of range of mean plus/minus 2 s.d.) µ + 2 s.d. Mean plus 2 standard deviations (= upper limit of range of mean plus/minus 2 s.d.) +Range Upper limit of unspecified range (could be mean plus/minus standard deviation, a percentile, etc., not known) P70 The 70 % percentile is defined such that 70% of the observations are smaller than this value and 30% larger. P75 The 75 % percentile is defined such that 75% of the observations are smaller than this value and 25% larger. P80 The 80 % percentile is defined such that 80% of the observations are smaller than this value and 20% larger. P85 The 85 % percentile is defined such that 85% of the observations are smaller than this value and 15% larger. P90 The 90 % percentile is defined such that 90% of the observations are smaller than this value and 10% larger. P95 The 95 % percentile is defined such that 95% of the observations are smaller than this value and 5% larger. P975 The 97.5 % percentile is defined such that 97.5 % of the observations are smaller than this value and 2.5% larger. +CI80 Upper limit of 80% confidence interval for mean +CI90 Upper limit of 90% confidence interval for mean +CI95 Upper limit of 95% confidence interval for mean +CI97.5 Upper limit of 97.5% confidence interval for mean +CI99 Upper limit of 99% confidence interval for mean +CI99.9 Upper limit of 99.9% confidence interval for mean Max Absolute maximum value Var. Variance of sample values around the mean (= standard deviation squared, df = n-1) s. d. Standard deviation of sample (n-1 degrees of freedom) s.d. (pop.) Standard deviation of population (n-1 degrees of freedom). Use this only if the entire population of objects has been studied. In almost every case in biology, only a sample will be studied and the results are then used to make conclusions about the entire population. In the latter case the standard deviation with degrees of freedom = sample size is inappropriate and the normal variance/standard deviation (df = n - 1) should be used. s.e. Standard error of mean (= Standard deviation / Square root(N) ) s.e.(var.) Standard error of variance (this is not a variance measure for the mean!) N Sample size = number of objects studied and on which the other reported statistical measures (mean, standard deviation, etc.) are based. No attempt to score this character has yet been made so it may or may not be possible to score this character. The abbreviated display is a blank space. (Note: the DELTA equivalent is the situation where a character is not listed in a item at all.) ? The character has been studied in the item, but it is impossible to score it either from the specimen or from the literature. The abbreviated display for this situation is a question mark. Compare also the special state "not interpretable" if information in the literature exists, but this information is not interpretable in terms of the current terminology. (Note: the DELTA equivalent is the 'U'-state.) n/a The character has studied been in the item, but the available states are not applicable. Example are situations where the character cannot possibly exists (e.g. leaf-tip in a leaf-less plant) or where the method is unable to measure the current situation (e.g. if the growth rate is so fast that all available space is already used before the time defined in the method). In the first situation it is usually desirable to create a global character dependency definition, in which case it is no longer necessary to score individual states as non applicable. The abbreviated display for this situation is "n/a". (Note: the DELTA equivalent is the '-'-state.) n/i The character has been studied in the item, but it is impossible to score it because the this information is not interpretable in terms of the current terminology. (Note: no DELTA equivalent exists.) ~ +++ (Note: no DELTA equivalent exists.) c? +++ (Note: no DELTA equivalent exists.) c# +++ (Note: no DELTA equivalent exists.) +++ +++ Internal notes of the designer of the terminology. Such notes are not strictly confidential, but applications should not make them generally available and should make them available only under specific circumstances +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ reddish (by misunderstanding) (durch Fehlinterpretation) Habit PlantHabit The appearance of the entire plant above-ground (stem, leave, inflorescence) as well as below-ground http://www.organisation.org/PlantTerminology/Glossary/query?term="habit" Habitus spreading shrub kriechender Strauch +++ +++ +++ mm2 The entire plant compromises all above-ground (stem, leaves, inflorescence) and below-ground (roots, rhizomes, etc.) parts habit ; ; Check these characters! HUDHEOIJKMDSKDPOKWEIJ sdij324,234,,4565,,4,6456,,567,,567 ?>